An operator is a symbol that tells computer to perform certain mathematical and logical operations on identifier. Operators are used in program to manipulate data and variables. C language provide following type of operators:
- Arithmetic Operators
- Relational Operators
- Logical Operators
- Bitwise Operators
- Assignment Operator
- Increment and Decrement Operators
- Conditional Operators
- Misc Operators
We will go through all operators one by one.
All below examples are performed on integer variable, output may differ on float variable.
Arithmetic Operators :
Consider A=5 ,B=2 .
| S.No. | Operator | Operation | Example |
| 1. | + | Addition | A+B will give 7 |
| 2. | – | Subtraction | A-B will give 3 |
| 3 | * | Multiplication | A*B will give 10 |
| 4 | / | Divide | A/B will give 2 |
| 5 | % | Modulo division | A%B will give 1 |
Relational Operators :
| S.No. | Operator | Example | Output |
| 1. | > | A>B | True |
| 2. | < | A<B | False |
| 3. | >= | A>=B | True |
| 4. | <= | A<=B | False |
| 5. | == | A==B | False |
| 6. | != | A!=B | True |
Logical Operators :
Let A=1,B=0
| S.No. | Operator | Description | Example |
| 1. | && | AND operator | A && B will give False (0) |
| 2. | || | OR Operator | A||B will give True (1) |
| 3. | ! | Not Operator | !A will give False (0) |
Bitwise Operators:
|
x |
y |
x|y |
x & y |
x ^ y |
Operator | Explanation | |
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
& | Bitwise AND | |
|
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
| | Bitwise OR | |
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
~ | Bitwise NOT | |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
^ | XOR | |
| << | Left Shift | ||||||
| >> | Right Shift | ||||||
Assignment Operators :
|
Operator
|
Example
|
Explanation
|
|
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Simple assignment operator
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=
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sum = 10
|
Value 10 is assigned to variable sum
|
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Compound assignment operator
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+=
|
sum+=10
|
This is same as sum = sum+10
|
|
-=
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sum – = 10
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This is same as sum = sum – 10
|
|
|
*=
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sum*=10
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This is same as sum = sum*10
|
|
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/=
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sum/=10
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This is same as sum = sum/10
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|
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%=
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sum%=10
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This is same as sum = sum%10
|
|
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&=
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sum&=10
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This is same as sum = sum&10
|
|
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^=
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sum^=10
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This is same as sum = sum^10
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|
Increment and Decrement Operator :
Increment and Decrement operator are used to increment and decrement variable value by one .
Operators are :
Post increment : varname ++
Pre increment : ++varname
Post decrement: varname–
Pre decrement: –varname
example:
i=1;
i++; // This means i=i+1 ;
i=1;
i–; //This means i=i-1;
Conditional Operator :
_?_:_;
Conditional operator returns value depending on truth of condition
eg.
i=9;
a=(i>10?10:11);
in this example i=9 which is less than 10 so condition is false so value assigned to a will be 11;if condition is true than the assigned value will be 10;
Misc Operators:
|
S.No
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Operators
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Description
|
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1
|
&
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This is used to get the address of the variable.
Example: &a will give address of a.
|
|
2
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*
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This is used as pointer to a variable.
Example: * a where, * is pointer to the variable a.
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3
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Size of ()
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This gives the size of the variable.
Example: size of (char) will give us 1.
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